This Sunday, November 17, 2024, Eastern Christians following the Julian calendar—particularly Copts, Ethiopians, and Armenians—celebrate the beginning of Advent. This period of preparation is deeply rooted in the traditions and spiritual practices of these ancient Christian communities.

Advent for Eastern Catholics begins on November 15 for the Byzantine Catholic Church and November 17 for the Maronites. In Ethiopia, Advent is marked by the ‘Fast of the Prophets.’ During this period, the faithful refrain from eating animal products and limit their diet to one meal a day, usually taken after 3 PM.

This fast is not merely a physical discipline but a spiritual exercise aimed at fostering a deeper connection with God. By abstaining from certain foods, the faithful are reminded of their dependence on God and the need for spiritual nourishment.

Advent begins earlier in the East than in the West due to differences in liturgical calendars and traditions.

Eastern Christians, particularly those following the Julian calendar, observe a longer period of preparation for Christmas, often referred to as the “Nativity Fast” or “Fast of the Prophets.” This fast typically begins on November 15th and lasts for 40 days, leading up to the celebration of the Nativity on January 7th.

In contrast, Western Christians, who follow the Gregorian calendar, observe Advent starting on the fourth Sunday before Christmas, which usually falls between November 27th and December 3rd. This period lasts for approximately four weeks.

The Theological Significance of Advent

Advent comes from the Latin “ad + venire,” which means, essentially, “to come” to” or “to come toward.” “Ad + venire” is the root of the Latin “adventus,” which means “arrival.” Thus, Advent is a season of expectant waiting and preparation for the celebration of the Nativity of Jesus at Christmas. It also anticipates the return of Christ at the Second Coming. This dual focus on Christ’s first and second comings is central to the Advent season.

Theologically, Advent is a time of reflection on the mystery of the Incarnation. The Church teaches that in the fullness of time, God sent His Son, born of a woman, to redeem humanity (Galatians 4:4-5). This profound mystery invites the faithful to contemplate the humility and love of God, who became man for our salvation.

Liturgical Practices and Symbols

The liturgical colour for Advent is purple, symbolizing penance and preparation. The Advent wreath, with its four candles, is a prominent symbol during this season. Each candle represents one of the four Sundays of Advent, with the third Sunday, known as Gaudete Sunday, marked by a rose-coloured candle symbolizing joy.

The readings and prayers of the Advent liturgy are rich with themes of hope, repentance, and joyful expectation. The prophecies of Isaiah, which foretell the coming of the Messiah, are frequently read, reminding the faithful of God’s promise of salvation.

Advent in the Digital Age

In today’s digital age, the observance of Advent can be enriched through various online resources and communities. Many parishes and Catholic organizations offer daily reflections, virtual retreats, and online prayer groups to help the faithful prepare spiritually for Christmas.

Social media platforms can also be used to share Advent traditions, prayers, and acts of charity, fostering a sense of community and shared anticipation.

As we journey through Advent, let us embrace this season of grace with hearts open to the transformative power of God’s love.

May our preparations lead us to a deeper encounter with Christ, whose birth we eagerly await.

Sources

(1) Catholic Answers Guide to Advent. https://www.catholic.com/tract/catholic-answers-guide-to-advent.
(2) Advent 2024: The Complete Guide to the Season of Advent – Hallow. https://hallow.com/advent/.
(3) A Complete Guide to Catholic Advent | Dynamic Catholic. https://www.dynamiccatholic.com/advent/about-advent.html.
(4) Advent 2024 – Calendar Date. https://www.calendardate.com/advent_2024.html.
(5) Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/second-advent-decorated-advent-wreath-from-fir-royalty-free-image/1354962056.